Matius 5:21-26
Konteks5:21 “You have heard that it was said to an older generation, 1 ‘Do not murder,’ 2 and ‘whoever murders will be subjected to judgment.’ 5:22 But I say to you that anyone who is angry with a brother 3 will be subjected to judgment. And whoever insults 4 a brother will be brought before 5 the council, 6 and whoever says ‘Fool’ 7 will be sent 8 to fiery hell. 9 5:23 So then, if you bring your gift to the altar and there remember that your brother has something against you, 5:24 leave your gift there in front of the altar. First go and be reconciled to your brother and then come and present your gift. 5:25 Reach agreement 10 quickly with your accuser while on the way to court, 11 or he 12 may hand you over to the judge, and the judge hand you over to the warden, and you will be thrown into prison. 5:26 I tell you the truth, 13 you will never get out of there until you have paid the last penny! 14
Matius 15:4-6
Konteks15:4 For God said, 15 ‘Honor your father and mother’ 16 and ‘Whoever insults his father or mother must be put to death.’ 17 15:5 But you say, ‘If someone tells his father or mother, “Whatever help you would have received from me is given to God,” 18 15:6 he does not need to honor his father.’ 19 You have nullified the word of God on account of your tradition.
[5:21] 1 tn Grk “to the ancient ones.”
[5:21] 2 sn A quotation from Exod 20:13; Deut 5:17.
[5:22] 3 tc The majority of
[5:22] 4 tn Grk “whoever says to his brother ‘Raca,’” an Aramaic word of contempt or abuse meaning “fool” or “empty head.”
[5:22] 5 tn Grk “subjected,” “guilty,” “liable.”
[5:22] 6 tn Grk “the Sanhedrin.”
[5:22] 7 tn The meaning of the term μωρός (mwros) is somewhat disputed. Most take it to mean, following the Syriac versions, “you fool,” although some have argued that it represents a transliteration into Greek of the Hebrew term מוֹרֵה (moreh) “rebel” (Deut 21:18, 20; cf. BDAG 663 s.v. μωρός c).
[5:22] 8 tn Grk “subjected,” “guilty,” “liable.”
[5:22] 9 tn Grk “the Gehenna of fire.”
[5:22] sn The word translated hell is “Gehenna” (γέεννα, geenna), a Greek transliteration of the Hebrew words ge hinnom (“Valley of Hinnom”). This was the valley along the south side of Jerusalem. In OT times it was used for human sacrifices to the pagan god Molech (cf. Jer 7:31; 19:5-6; 32:35), and it came to be used as a place where human excrement and rubbish were disposed of and burned. In the intertestamental period, it came to be used symbolically as the place of divine punishment (cf. 1 En. 27:2, 90:26; 4 Ezra 7:36).
[5:25] 10 tn Grk “Make friends.”
[5:25] 11 tn The words “to court” are not in the Greek text but are implied.
[5:25] 12 tn Grk “the accuser.”
[5:26] 13 tn Grk “Truly (ἀμήν, amhn), I say to you.”
[5:26] 14 tn Here the English word “penny” is used as opposed to the parallel in Luke 12:59 where “cent” appears since the Greek word there is different and refers to a different but similar coin.
[5:26] sn The penny here was a quadrans, a Roman copper coin worth 1/64 of a denarius (L&N 6.78). The parallel passage in Luke 12:59 mentions the lepton, equal to one-half of a quadrans and thus the smallest coin available.
[15:4] 15 tc Most
[15:4] 16 sn A quotation from Exod 20:12; Deut 5:16.
[15:4] 17 sn A quotation from Exod 21:17; Lev 20:9.
[15:5] 18 tn Grk “is a gift,” that is, something dedicated to God.
[15:6] 19 tc The logic of v. 5 would seem to demand that both father and mother are in view in v. 6. Indeed, the majority of
[15:6] tn Grk “he will never honor his father.” Here Jesus is quoting the Pharisees, whose intent is to release the person who is giving his possessions to God from the family obligation of caring for his parents. The verb in this phrase is future tense, and it is negated with οὐ μή (ou mh), the strongest negation possible in Greek. A literal translation of the phrase does not capture the intended sense of the statement; it would actually make the Pharisees sound as if they agreed with Jesus. Instead, a more interpretive translation has been used to focus upon the release from family obligations that the Pharisees allowed in these circumstances.
[15:6] sn Here Jesus refers to something that has been set aside as a gift to be given to God at some later date, but which is still in the possession of the owner. According to contemporary Jewish tradition, the person who made this claim was absolved from responsibility to support or assist his parents, a clear violation of the Mosaic law to honor one’s parents (v. 4).